Sex and Exercise
Consider, for a moment, the similarities between working out and
sex. (Yes, you will have to use your imagination.) They both get
you sweaty and revved up. They both make you breathe hard. They
both induce a delicious afterglow. Granted, in other ways they could
be considered polar opposites — exemplars of the agony and
ecstasy of physical experience. But, it turns out, the two are more
intimately connected than anyone quite imagined.
In some of the first laboratory studies to look at exercise and
female sexual response, a researcher has found that vigorous physical
exercise appears to “prime” a woman’s body for
sexual arousal. In the studies, says lead author Cindy Meston, Ph.D.,
assistant professor of clinical psychology at the University of
Texas at Austin, the same group of women, on two different occasions,
watched two films — first a travel film, then an erotic film.
On the second occasion, the women had just finished 20 minutes
of intense aerobic activity (stationary biking). Meston used subjective
assessments (asking the women to rate their arousal level) as well
as objective methods (measuring blood flow to the genital region)
and found that after exercise, arousal levels were significantly
heightened. This doesn’t mean your step-aerobics class will
induce orgasm. “It wasn’t that the exercise itself was
making the women in the study sexually aroused, or increasing genital
blood flow,” says Meston. “Rather, exercise prepared
the body in some way for a sexual response.
So when the women were then put into a sexual situation, in this
case, watching an erotic film, their bodies responded more quickly
and intensely than when they hadn’t exercised.” More
sex, better sex Meston’s research is the first to look specifically
at sexual responses to exercise in women, and her results have been
a surprise because they go counter to long-held assumptions about
sexual functioning — assumptions that were based on what happens
in men. “Research in men shows that anxiety is the leading
cause of erectile failure,” says Meston. “So it’s
been thought for a long time that when you activate the nervous
system through drugs or things like anxiety, you would impair sexual
functioning.
Thus, treatments for sexual difficulties have almost always included
trying to induce a state of relaxation.” Meston’s work
shows it is that nervous-system activation itself that induces heightened
sexual response.
More lifestyle-oriented research is beginning to show the same
connection between exercise and sex, even in men. One study, from
the Archives of Sexual Behavior, found that previously inactive
men who began exercising aerobically three to five days a week for
an hour each time reported significantly improved sex lives: more
sex, better sex.
All of which makes sense — for reasons that may go beyond
physiology, comments Patricia Esperon, M.S.W., a behavior therapist
at the Duke University Diet and Fitness Center, where she runs sexuality
workshops. “There certainly have been studies showing that
self-esteem improves with exercise.” Esperon says. “When
people exercise, they are taking action, feeling less helpless.
And feeling better about yourself in general is a big part of feeling
sexual.” Esperon also feels that shame about one’s body
— whether overweight or not — is widespread, and that
it leads to a sense of detachment from one’s physical self.
“When you start exercising,” she says, “You reconnect
with your physical self — which has needs and desires, which
feels pleasure and pain, which is real. You start feeling sexual
again.” There is a potential downside that some people experience
with exercise, however, that has showed up in a few studies: Some
regular exercisers feel more judgmental about their bodies and that
their self-esteem is more tied to their physical attractiveness.
What’s unclear is which feelings came first: Perhaps they
became regular exercisers because they were looks-oriented to begin
with.
Do something arousing Intuitively, it’s not surprising that
working out heightens sexuality. There has always been something
sexy about muscles; for one thing, they remind us that we are, at
base, animals — at our best when we’re sleek and strong.
Michelangelo knew this about David, but we hadn’t figured
that out about women until recently. Madonna, Demi, even Princess
Diana, changed that with their defined delts, abs and quads.
In fact, Meston’s research suggests that women respond sexually
in what has traditionally been considered a masculine way. “For
years,” says Meston, “women who had problems with sex
drive, arousal or orgasm have been told to relax, take a bubble
bath. My research suggests that from a purely physiological viewpoint
the opposite is true: Women should do something arousing, like exercise.
This may explain why many couples say they have the best sex after
a good fight: They’re all revved up.” How long will
your arousal last? Psychologist Cindy Meston’s research has
measured the effects of exercise on sexual response at varying intervals
post-workout. She found a minimal effect after five minutes (probably
because the body was still so busy supplying blood to the worked-out
muscles) and a substantial effect at both 15 and 30. She has not
yet looked at what happens later, but speculates that residual effects
will continue much longer — perhaps even chronically“As
long as there’s some residual nervous-system activation, that
would help facilitate sexual response,” says Meston.
“Exercise enhances blood flow throughout the body.”
The physiology of sex and exercise comes down to the most basic
of life’s functions: Physical activity improves blood flow,
which facilitates all of those intricate sexual responses. But in
a larger sense, exercise makes you a finer animal, a better-tooled
machine: flexible, strong, buffed. Your head then says: I feel good
in this skin. “Confidence,” says Esperon, “has
a tremendous amount to do with feeling sexual.” Time to renew
that gym membership?
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