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Prohormones

High dose vitamin therapy will pick up sluggish enzymes.

: : SMARTY SAUNA FAR INFRARED SAUNA : :

The Smarty far infrared sauna improves your immune system by sweating at a lower more comfortable temperature than a conventional hot sauna as it enhances circulation and oxygenate the tissues. It also opens the nasal passages and assist the sinuses to drain.

: : FISH OILS | GOOD FATS

Fish Oils can Make You Thin? Rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fats, flaxseed oil is key in maintaining mental health.

: : FIBROMYALGIA | BACK PAIN : :

Think fibrosis only debilitates women? Think again!! It also affects the the favorite love muscle of men. We have something to protect your size and exercises!

: : MUSCLE INJURIES : :

How Muscles Get Injured and How to Treat Them. Did you know that muscle detoxing can get you back up to par?

: : CELLULITE : :

95% of women are plagued by cellulite. Top fitness models and Oxygen magazine expose the solution!

: : GLUTAMINE : :

glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in plasma and muscle, and the most important amino acid to maintain lean body mass

: : GURU EXPERT CONSULTATIONS : :

We've founded the original committee of expertise guru's! Choose from chemist, researchers, medicinal, powerlifters to IFBB professional select panel.

: : EXERCISE/ENHANCED HEALTH SEMINARS : :

Get the advantage whether you are a personal trainer, physician, or are personally wanting the edge on the latest on training and health issues

: : ANTIOXIDANTS : :

A new French study has shown that antioxidant supplementation alleviates muscle damage during periods of both regular and heavy (overload) training, not to mention wrinkles, brain dementia and the immune system - etc!

: : PROTEIN/POST EXERCISE DRINKS : :

Research has indicated that both are crucial in exercise training. We've cut to the chase and feature the BEST in these categories!

QUEST FOR ADVANCED CONDITION
Prohormones - Patrick Arnold

Prohormones by Patrick Arnold

I thought Dharkham's article was a pretty good review of prohormones. However there are a few discrepancies that I would like to clear up, since I am given the chance to by QFAC.

1) Nandrolone and norandrostenedione CAN convert to estrogens. It is a complex reaction that is different than the conversion that testosterone and androstenedione undergo, and it is slower and less efficient. While it does involve an interaction of the nors with the aromatase enzyme, the actual aromatization mechanism is not the same as that seen with test and a-dione. Technically it involves a hydroxylation at the beta position of Carbon 1, followed by a spontaneous rearrangement to either estrone (from norandrostenedione) or estradiol (from norteststerone). The conversion for norandrostenedione is more efficient than that of nortestosterone, and perhaps not too surprisingly, I am quite aware of cases of gynecomastia from norandrostenedione usage.

2) 4-androstenediol was never an unapproved drug. This is most likely due to the fact that researchers at the time were looking for steroids with a greater anabolic effect and a lesser androgenic affect. 4-AD was therefore not a good candidate as it assayed out as slighlty more androgenic than anabolic. BTW, I first came across 4-AD when I saw it was an interesting by product in the synthetic production of testosterone from androstenedione. I then ran across it again in a German language androgen review book and saw it could behave as a prohormone.

3) LPJ Research Inc. got the name "androdiol" approved as a trademark from the USPTO a couple of years ago. It did seem at first that androdiol was already trademarked for 5-AD, but it turned out it had just been used as a lay term for that compound and so was not relevant to our trademark approval.

4) We actually don't know the origin of 4-AD in the body, just that it is there in small amounts. It is either a weird testosterone metabolite in tissues with low 5-alpha reductase activity (i.e. placenta), or a product of incomplete conversion of 5-AD to testosterone.

5) Is 4-AD active in its unconverted form? I used to say it was without question. However after giving it thought it is not completely apparent that it is. It does have considerable activity when given to rats by injection or when rubbed on a capon's comb (an indicator of androgenic activity). But does this indicate it is directly active? Not neccesarily, because we don't know whether the activity observed is from direct interaction of the 4-AD, from testosterone that it metabolizes into, or from combination of the two. If someone could determine what sort of binding 4-AD has to androgen receptors than we would have a better picture of what is happening. The same situation, as far as I know, exists for nor-4-AD; we just don't know if it is active directly from the evidence that exists.

6) Although SHBG receptors are present on muscle cell membranes, there is absolutely no indication that they are responsible for any anabolism in this tissue. At this point the preponderance of evidence suggests that SHBG will reduce the activity of androgens, as more SHBG will reduce the fraction of bioavailable androgen in the system. Contrary to what Dharkam indicates, SHBG will not extend the activity of testosterone and nortestosterone. The binding of these androgens to SHBG is so strong that they essentially all remain associated in the complex form and the steroids will not be able to break away to diffuse into cells. SHBG seems to be emerging as a possible risk factors in disorders of the prostate as well.

The Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2004 was signed into law by President Bush on October 22, 2004. It will be effective on approximately January 20, 2005. After that date, just possessing these banned substances will be a crime. This law makes ALL steroid precursors (prohormones) except DHEA "controlled substances" in the United States.

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